Concrete construction.



:gilllbililili A. C. ROGALSKE..

CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I, I9I3.

Patented July V17, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

III

` III A. C. ROGALSKE.

CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION man MAY 1, 1913.

Patented July 17, 1917 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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AUGUST C. nosALsKE, or Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

' Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, haveV invented certain Vnew and useful Improvements in Concrete Constructions, ofvwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in concrete constructions and'especially such as are adapted for the production of building structures, Walls or the like.

Itis an object of the invention to construct a self supporting wall or like structure having supports or studs adapted to become a part thereof.

Itis also an object of the invention to form a building structure having concrete uprights or studs adapted to be incorporated in the said structure as an integral part thereof. l j It is a still furtherobject of the invention to provide a wall structure having concrete supporting and spacing slabs or studs adapted to become integral parts thereof.

It is also an object of the invention to form a building or wall structure compris ing spacing slabs having reinforcing means embedded therein and provided with means for holding side or shaping boards in position, and a cement filling run `between said slabs and boards so as to form al reinforced wall including the said slabs.`

With these and other objects in view th invention consists in certain lother novel constructions, combinations and arrangel ments of parts as will be hereinafter def scribed and claimed.

lln the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, j

Figure 1, is a perspective view of a portion of a wall structure made in accordance with this invention, parts being. broken away and shownin section, to show the position of the slabs or studs, spacing pieces, cores and reinforcing bars.

Fig. 2, is a fragmentary :sectional view through the portion 'of a wall structure aboutthe upper end of'a door or window opening.

Fig. 3, is a detail horizontal sectional view through a portion of the wall structure and the side boarding for holding the cement in place when it is poured, the section Specification of Letters Patent.

Y Patented July f7, i917. Application filed May 7,1913. Serial No. 766,077. Y

a portion of a wall showing the cement, l

slabs employed at intermediate parts there` of and showing the boards 'fastened toV the edges thereof, in readiness for receiving `the cement concrete filling of the wall.

Fig. 5, is a similar vertical sectional view, but taken through one of the wall openings, as for. instance a door opening, and showing the style of spacing slab or stud employed at such openings;

Fig. 6, is aA detail perspective view of a short intermediate spacing slab.

Fig. 7, is a detail perspective View of an intermediate spacing in the wall structure.

Fig. 8, is a similar perspective view of a cylindrical spacing piece or bar.

piece or bar employed The subject matter of the present invention is designed to afford a method and means for constructing a buildingor wallv structure of any desired type which shall have supporting studs incorporated therein in Such a manner that side boarding or shaping means may be attached for facilitating the formation of the wall of cement concrete, the said concrete being flowed into position between the boarding and about the slabs or studs, so that the said slabs or studs, and other spacing means 'become integral parts of the structure when the concrete sets and becomes hard. AThe structure is such that the shaping boards do not have to be cut orfastened together preparatory to the formation of the wall structure and the spacing slabs and other pieces can be made to hold the boards in place before the cement concrete is put in place.

In the accompanying drawing the pre ferred arrangement and use of the spacing pieces, slabs and other parts has been illustrated, thoughit will .be understood that said parts may be arranged invarious ways Y and so as to be adapted for the formation spacing bar or piece to assist in holding the boards in .positionwhich' are employed in the formation. the wall.` The .slabs l are preferably made of cement concreteV and usually have reinforcing rods or pieces 4 incorporated therein. The-said rods'4 may be arranged in any desired manner within the concrete of the slabs but are preferably so arranged as to afford projecting loops at 5 and 6V for engaging-'boards'securing wires 7l Theedges of the slabs are formed with re`- cesses at 8, 9 and 10 to permit the concrete in itsv plastic condition to flow about the sla-bs, inside the forming boards. rlhe said slabs may be made of different lengthsbut are usually made of the height to which sections of. the wall are-y carried from, time to time" duri'ng the course of its formation. Shortery slabs as 111 are also preferably pro.- vided for building' shorter heights ofv the wall and alsofor permitting ofi thek setting of the slabs so that the joints of superposed slabs will notcome opposite each other. Such an arrangement of* the inter-.mediate slabs 1. and 11 isillustrated" in Fig. 1. As

vshown inlsaid Fig. 1` a; short slab 11 is placed at the bottom of the wall in. one vertical course ofv slabs and ak long` slab 1 is placed at the bottom.` inv the-next vertical course of slabs, thus permitting of the breaking of joints in adjacent slab courses.

At theplaces in the'wall structure where door, window or other openings areto? be formed, the-solid slabs2'` are employed, the said" slabs 2 being constructed like. the slabs 1 with the exceptionY thatthey .do not have the cut-a-way portions at the edges and are only provided'. with small'holes 12 to receive the board attaching wires 7. At. such. an opening, as for instance the door opening shown.y inFigs. 1 and- 2, two vertical slabs 2V are used as the jambs` andE atransverse slab-13 ofl the same structure isA employed at the top asa lintel'. These solid slabs'lill completely the-spaces between the boarding so asf to prevent: the plastic concrete from flowing by them andinto-the space whichis toform the door opening.

In forming they wall, the intermediate slabs 1: are' set up at` suitable intervals, and ordinary boards as 14 areapp'l'ied; along the side edges thereof; The securing wiresl 7 are looped through: the various projecting portions of the reinforcing'wires14 and areV laidbetweenthe boards, after which nails,

rods orotherpieces as 15 are' applied acrossthe meeting edges of the boards and` the wires 7 are twisted around them so as to draw the boards tightly against. the slabs, as clearly', shown in the drawing. door openings the boards need not be cut but are merely permitted' to extend across said openings and the concrete will be prevented from entering said openingslby the solid. slabs@y Vand 13.- The securing wires 7 are passed throughthe op'eningsl'Q-tofasten the boards 14 and holdv them tiightly'against the edgesof the slabs' and 13". y

At intermediate points between the principal slabs 1 and 2, intermediate spacing piecesv or bars 3 are interposed for further securing the boards and preventing them from bulging when the weight of the cement bears against them. The spacing pieces 3 may be made square or cylindrical in contour asshown in. Figs. 7 and 8 and are preferably constructed of cement concrete haring reinforcing wires or rods embedded therein, said? reinforcement being` looped to provide wireengaging projections 1G. The ends of the spacing pieces 3 are also usually recessed at- 17 to accommodate the looped projectionl 16 as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. As shown in Figs. v1A and 3 the spacing pieces 3 are generally located opposite the cracks betweenboards 1-4 at places about halfway between the adjacent vertical slabs andthe securing wires 7 are placed through the loops 16 extending between boards and engaging nails or other securing devices as in other instances.

TheV wall may be constructed' with solid formation or may be made hollow as prc ferred and in the llatterV case any suitable cores 18 may be made and set in position between the spacing slabs or studs. The cores 18 may be of any desired' construction. and may be collapsible or not as preferred'. As shown in the drawings the core boxes aregenerally of such a width that a thickness of cement concrete will be interposed between them andthe boards 14. Where two .or more core boxesare placed between slabsin the wall, they are usually spaced apart by one or more of the intermediate spacing pieces-3. The core boxes are preferably of sucha` formation, being made either slightly tapering-as indicated in dotted lines in-Fig. 4 or collapsible, as shown in Fig. 3, that they may be drawn lengthwise from the cement; after it has partially seta The construction of the supporting slabsr is such also that reinforcing means extending in horizontal directions may be embedded in the concrete of the wall; Thus bars of twisted-or other metal as at 20 may be laid in the recesses formed inthe edges of the slabs 1. The said bars are-usually placed to one side of the securing loops 5 and 6 when applied in the recesses occupied by said loops, as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and4 ofthe drawing. The bars may also be applied in the elongated recesses 8 formed in the edges of the said slabs 1, in which event they are generally tied transversely of the wall by tie wires 21', as indicated in Fig. 4.

In Vconstructing a wall or building structure in accordance with present invention, slabs 1 of a desired length to form the first portion of the wall, are set up at suitable intervalsand boards 14v are secured upon the opposite edges thereof'by means of the wires 7. At the openings for the doors and windows, the slabs 2 and 13 are put in place,

i the boarding being permitted to extend across them and being secured thereto by the fastening wires 7 and the pieces l5. Reinfo-rcing bars or rods 20 are then put in place resting against the slabs 1 and secured where desired by tie wires 21. If the wall is to be of the hollow type, core boxes 18 are put in place and spacing pieces 3 are also put in position between the cores and at any other points where it is necessary to additionally secure the boards 14. The cement concrete in suitable plastic condition is then run into the space between the boards and allowed to fill in around the slabs, cores, reinforcing rods and spacing pieces. The solid slabs 2 and 13 about the door` or window openings, of course exclude the concrete from those openings. After one course or portion of the wall has thus been formed, the wall can be carried higher by superposv ing additional concrete slabs 1 above those already in place and by adding more cores and spacing pieces, boards 14 being also applied and secured by the wires 7. The wall may thus be built to any height and it is found in practice that the concrete slabs and spacing means sostrengthen and support the structure that additional weight may be placed above each section or portion constructed without waiting forthe cement to thoroughly harden. The wall'is also so self-supporting by reason of the strengthening and supporting slabs or `studding that the wires 7 may be cut and the boards 14 removed before the wall is entirely hard without endangering its formation. The

boards may thus be used over and over and as already intimated they do not need cutting or especial shaping for the construction of the wall. Above the door, or window openings, a course of cement concrete as indicated at 22 is placed usually having reinforcing bars or rods 23 embedded therein, before the structure above the same is put in place. Core boxes may then be putin position upon the said concrete course 22 and the spacing or other slabs set up for continuing the wall structure above such openings, as clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawing.

It will be observed that in a concrete wall of this construction, the slabs strengthen the same in practically the same way that the usual wood studs in a frame building strengthen and support a frame structure. The concrete slabs and spacers in the wall structure of the present invention become integral portions of the wall and always act as reinforced stiifening and strengthening means therein.

Such a structure is well adapted for the production of small houses or inclosures as well as for large buildings or structures of any kind. The cement slabs are formed of a suitable concrete mixture and having the reinforcing rods orbars embedded therein, the cement being allowed to harden and thoroughly set before the wall structure is commenced. It will be readily understood that the structure may be readily adapted to any building operations and that the method is especially economical vin the use of lumber, since ordinary boards may be employed and since they do not have to be cut up or especially shaped and can therefore be used over and over again. It will be understood also that cores of any desired construction may be employed in producing a hollow wall i structure, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A wall structure made up of studding slabs built up end to end approximately the height of the wall, said slabs being embedded in plastic concrete, the slabs rendering it self supporting until the plastic cement has hardened and having reduced body portions adapted to be surrounded by concrete and having forming board spacing projections at intervals.

2. A wall structure comprising vertica studding slabs having narrow portions and wider forming board spacing portions, said slabs being set end to end to form continuous wall studs, means for fastening the adjacent ends of the studding slabs to hold them in position and a concrete body portion arranged to include the wall studs and 3. A concrete building structure comprising walls having intermediate spacing slabs with portions narrower than the thickness of the walls, and door and window opening slabs of the width of the wall thickness throughout, means for holding forming boards to the edges of said slabs, and a cement concrete lling for joining the slabs and binding them together in an integral structure, the narrow portions of the intermediate slabs permitting the concrete to flow around them in forming the walls while the door and window slabs prevent the plastic material from passing them at the openings.

4. A wall structure having vertically arranged studding, of a width approximately that of the wall thickness, said slabs having reduced portions for facilitating the embedding of the slabs in the body portion of i fastening adjacent end to endy slabs together anda concrete Wal-li body portion arranged inf plastic condition to envelop the said slabs and the said fastening means, the Whole structure becoming a monolithic Wall When the plastic material hardens.

5. A concrete Wall structure having supporting slabs embedded therein, said slabs being provided with recessed edge portions, whereby the concrete of the structure may surround the said slabs, and means carried by the-slabsy for holding forming' and centen ing boards in pla-cc until the Wall is formed.

6; A Acement concrete Wall struct-ure having supporting cement studs embedded therein, the said studs havingreinforcing means projecting at its edges to afford securing loops, and fastening Wires adapted to-engage" said loops and to hold forming boards upon saidv studs in shaping the concrete' Wall.

. 7. A concrete Wall structure having reinforced concrete slabs embedded therein and .provided with securing loops, vintermediate spacing bars having securing loops at their ends, said loops being adapted to enga-ge fastening means for removably holding shaping boa-rds in position While the concrete Wall is being formed, and cores adapted to be placed between said slabs to produce a hollow Wall structure.

S. A concrete Wal-l structure comprising intermediate strengthening slabs and opening edge slabs, reinforcing bars carried by said intermediate slabs, intermediate spaving bars and cores, all adapted to be embeddedy in the concrete of the wall structure While in plastic condition.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, in presence of two Witnesses.

AUGUST C. ROGALSKE.

Witnesses DANIEL l?. KEN-BRICK, CAssnLL SEVERANCE.

Copiesof this patent may bel obtained fo'r five cents each,V by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. G1. 

